Common Gallinule

Wading Birds & Marsh Birds

Common Gallinule

Gallinula galeata

A dark, duck-sized marsh bird with a bright red forehead. It walks across floating plants on long toes and swims with a head-bobbing motion.

How to identify it

  • Dark slate-gray body
  • Red forehead shield and red bill with a yellow tip
  • White stripe along the side
  • Yellow-green legs with very long toes
  • Bobs its head while swimming
SizeBetween an American Robin and an American Crow
Song Sparrow6 in
American Robin10 in
Common Gallinule14 in
American Crow19 in
6 inAverage length, bill to tail

Details

Size
12โ€“15 in long; wingspan about 21 in
Weight
about 7โ€“17 oz
Habitat
Freshwater marshes, ponds and lakes with dense vegetation
When to see it
Year-round in the far South; summer across much of the East
Diet
Aquatic plants, seeds, snails and insects

Range in the United States

Range map of Common Gallinule
Range data: USGS Gap Analysis Project (public domain). Lower 48 states. Ranges change over time.

Life history

Food

Eats aquatic plants, seeds and fruits, plus snails, insects and other small animals.

Nesting

A bowl of plants built over water among reeds or cattails, sometimes with a ramp.

Clutch
5โ€“11 eggs
Incubation
19โ€“22 days
Young
Leave the nest within a few days; fly at about 6โ€“7 weeks
Broods
1โ€“2 per year

Behavior

Swims with a pumping head motion and walks on floating plants. Older chicks from a first brood may help feed younger siblings.

Conservation

Common across much of its range.

Cool facts

  1. It was split from the Old World Common Moorhen in 2011.
  2. Its long toes spread its weight so it can walk on lily pads.
  3. Chicks are black and fluffy with bright red-and-yellow bills.

Songs & calls

โ–ถBird sounds video coming soon

Watch the Common Gallinule

โ–ถVideo coming soon

Photo gallery

Photo: Hans Hillewaert ยท CC BY-SA 3.0 ยท via Wikimedia Commons
Photo: Unknown author (public domain) ยท Public domain ยท via Wikimedia Commons
Photo: Alejandro Bayer Tamayo from Armenia, Colombia ยท CC BY-SA 2.0 ยท via Wikimedia Commons
Photo: (c) Gary Abner Garcia-Garcia, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) ยท CC BY-SA 4.0 ยท via Wikimedia Commons
Photo: Ligocsicnarf89 ยท CC BY 4.0 ยท via Wikimedia Commons
Photo: Ligocsicnarf89 ยท CC BY 4.0 ยท via Wikimedia Commons
Photo: Ligocsicnarf89 ยท CC BY-SA 4.0 ยท via Wikimedia Commons
Photo: Ligocsicnarf89 ยท CC BY-SA 4.0 ยท via Wikimedia Commons
Photo: Ligocsicnarf89 ยท CC BY 4.0 ยท via Wikimedia Commons
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